The article presents a statistical characterization of the technical infrastructure of general and professional education institutions (availability of modern computers, internet access and parameters of the latter), as well as estimates of the use of information and communication technologies by teachers in Russia and federal subjects of Russia in the academic years 2006/2007–2009/2010. Some Russian indicators are compared to those of European Union countries. As the information source, the authors used data of federal observations of the Russian Federal Service for Government Statistics (Rosstat) on the education statistics, methodological and analytical findings of the Institute of Statistical Studies and Economics of HSE, as well as materials of the Monitoring of the Education Economy, conducted by HSE on behalf of the Education and Science Ministry of Russia.